@Article{MataveliSFBOCBP:2019:ChTrFi,
               author = "Mataveli, Guilherme Augusto Verola and Silva, Maria Elisa Siqueira 
                         and Fran{\c{c}}a, Daniela de Azeredo and Brunsell, Nathaniel Alan 
                         and Oliveira, Gabriel de and Cardozo, Francielle da Silva and 
                         Bertani, Gabriel and Pereira, Gabriel",
          affiliation = "{Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)} and {Universidade de 
                         S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {University of Kansas (KU)} and {University 
                         of Kansas (KU)} and {Universidade Federal de S{\~a}o Jo{\~a}o 
                         Del-Rei (UFSJ)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)}",
                title = "Characterization and trends of fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) 
                         fire emissions in the brazilian Cerrado during 2002-2017",
              journal = "Remote Sensing",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "11",
               number = "9",
                month = "Oct.",
             keywords = "biomass burning, tropical savannas, aerosols, remote sensing, 
                         MODIS, PREP-CHEM-SRC.",
             abstract = "Fire occurrence is a major disturbance in the Brazilian Cerrado, 
                         which is driven by both natural and anthropogenic activities. 
                         Despite increasing efforts for monitoring the Cerrado, a 
                         biome-scale study for quantifying and understanding the 
                         variability of fire emissions is still needed. We aimed at 
                         characterizing and finding trends in Particulate Matter with 
                         diameter less than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) fire emissions in the 
                         Brazilian Cerrado using the PREP-CHEM-SRC emissions preprocessing 
                         tool and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) 
                         active fires datasets for the 2002-2017 period. Our results showed 
                         that, on average, the Cerrado emitted 1.08 Tg year(-1) of PM2.5 
                         associated with fires, accounting for 25% and 15% of the PM2.5 
                         fire emissions in Brazil and South America, respectively. Most of 
                         the PM2.5 fire emissions were concentrated in the end of the dry 
                         season (August, 0.224 Tg month(-1) and September, 0.386 Tg 
                         month(-1)) and in the transitional month (October, 0.210 Tg 
                         month(-1)). Annually, 66% of the total emissions occurred over the 
                         savanna land cover; however, active fires that were detected in 
                         the evergreen broadleaf land cover tended to emit more than active 
                         fires occurring in the savanna land cover. Spatially, each 0.1 
                         degrees grid cell emitted, on average, 0.5 Mg km(-2) year(-1) of 
                         PM2.5 associated with fires, but the values can reach to 16.6 Mg 
                         km(-2) year(-1) in a single cell. Higher estimates of PM2.5 
                         emissions associated with fires were mostly concentrated in the 
                         northern region, which is the current agricultural expansion 
                         frontier in this biome. When considering the entire Cerrado, we 
                         found an annual decreasing trend representing -1.78% of the annual 
                         average PM2.5 emitted from fires during the period analyzed, 
                         however, the grid cell analysis found annual trends representing 
                         +/- 35% of the annual average PM2.5 fire emissions.",
                  doi = "10.3390/rs11192254",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11192254",
                 issn = "2072-4292",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "mataveli_characterization.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "28 abr. 2024"
}